What role does the FDA play in medication regulation?

The FDA, or the Food and Drug Administration, plays a crucial role in the regulation and oversight of various products, including medications. By regulating and approving medications for safety and efficacy, the FDA ensures that all pharmaceuticals available to the public have undergone rigorous testing and evaluation processes. This involves reviewing clinical trial data, assessing potential side effects, and confirming that the benefits of the medication outweigh any potential risks before it can be marketed.

The FDA's responsibilities extend beyond simply approving medications; they also monitor the ongoing safety of drugs after they are on the market and can take action if safety concerns arise. This comprehensive regulatory framework is vital for protecting public health and ensuring that patients have access to medications that are both safe and effective.

In contrast, the other options misrepresent the FDA's responsibilities. The FDA does not solely focus on over-the-counter medications; it also evaluates prescription drugs, biological products, and more. It does not set the costs of medications, as pricing is determined by various market factors and negotiations. Furthermore, while the FDA may provide guidance on the drug development process, it does not develop new medications itself; rather, that task is typically carried out by pharmaceutical companies.